Buys in: nationwide For the latest news and resources,follow the FTC on social media,subscribe to press releasesandread our blog. Ownership agreement: sale/co-ownership The veterinary market has become a target for private equity investment as it is seen as a cash business in a fragmented market (lots of small hospitals), with many owners looking to retire. Ownership status: funded by Fulcrum Equity Partners National Veterinary Associates claims to be "the largest private owner of freestanding veterinary hospitals in the United States." Jones, an African American I.T. Practice eligibility criteria: looking for specific types of practices Number of hospitals: 25 across 8 states Defendant National Veterinary Associates, Inc.'s Motion to Dismiss Pursuant to Fed. Business support offered: Website: http://veterinaryunited.com/ The companies are listed in chronological order by the year they were established. NVA owns more than 1000 veterinary hospitals and pet resorts in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore. Learn why private investors and corporate buyers think veterinary medicine is a golden opportunity-and how you can get your share. Buys in: the above-mentioned states, as well as Arkansas, Indiana, Delaware, Ohio, Missouri, Oklahoma, West Virginia, and Washington DC Work-Life balance. Ownership status: 100% owned by the founding family and veterinarians Find top employees, contact details and business statistics at RocketReach. Founded: in 2006 by co-founders Litman and Jon Shell As the business grew duringthe next four decades, the staff of emergency veterinarians grew. Where This Score Ranks National Veterinary Associates' Perks And Benefits BOTTOM 10% In the Bottom 10% of 814 Similar Sized Companies on Comparably BOTTOM 10% 800-815-6600. event : evt, Buys in: North Carolina Vet groups buying pet-store-based clinics (, Practice eligibility criteria (features they are looking for in a practice to buy), Ownership agreement with practice owners (100 percent or majority/minority sale, investment opportunities for practice sellers etc.). Roasa is not involved in the Spokane case. Tarrant County Justice of the Peace Precinct 2, Sacramento, CA 95833. An official website of the United States government. Pros. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. They later learned that as PEC shareholders, they still were subject to the noncompete under the terms of a non-binding agreement PEC had signed with National Veterinary Associates Inc. Based in Agoura Hills, California, NVA has acquired morethan 600 practices in the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand, according to information on the company website. Veterinary fees tend to vary widely depending on the region; Bowes believes PEC's fees were fueled by a lack of competition in the Spokane market. Business support offered: Recruiting resources, leading compensation and benefit programs for employees, equity opportunities for doctors, continuing education benefits, capital for new facilities and equipment and infrastructure for growth. VIN News stories are available to the public. 00 Medium & Large Breed Adult Dogs (Over 5 Months) - $150. Instructions for filing comments appear in the published notice. Buys in: nationwide It was not until months later that the veterinarians who left PEC learned that PEC's non-binding agreement with NVA still would apply to them as shareholders. Please fill out the form below if you want to receive new versions by email. 101. Find the resources you need to understand how consumer protection law impacts your business. Buys in: United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore Number of hospitals: 100 Last updated 4 days ago. Ownership agreement: sale with a stake in UVC available for practice sellers Founded more than 22 years ago, NVA offers a full range of veterinary services in more than 670 companion animal veterinary hospitals and 70 pet resorts across 43 states in the United States,. Schultz called the noncompete requiring Choker and DeMarco to practice outside a 25-mileradius for five years, and the application of the noncompete to all shareholders, "pretty aggressive on the part of PEC and NVA.". Practice eligibility criteria: Forward-thinking independent practices generating more than $1M in gross revenues. According to the complaint, this deal is part of a growing trend towards consolidation in the emergency and specialty veterinary services markets across the United States in recent years by large chains, including JAB, which regularly monitors local markets throughout the United States in contemplation of continued growth through potential small and large acquisitions of specialty and emergency clinics. Please provide the phone number and email address where you would like to be reached. The .gov means its official. DVM support system: a DVM relief network to allow for a better work-life balance while you enjoy a robust benefits package. Business support offered: Provides services such as general medicine, dental care, diagnostic tests, surgeries, emergency and critical care, and pharmacy as well as preventative medicine through a variety of Wellness Plans. Founded: in 2018 by Dr. Kent Thornberry Ownership agreement: partnership JAB is the parent company of two firms that operate chains of veterinary clinics providing general, specialty, and emergency care Compassion-First Pet Hospitals and National Veterinary Associates, Inc. SAGE Veterinary Partners owns and operates 16 veterinary clinics offering specialty and emergency care in Texas, California, Washington, and Alaska. To the after-hours emergency clinic was added a daytime referral business that housed specialists in surgery, radiology, clinical pathology and internal medicine, some of whom leased space in the building. Please enter a valid Email address! When the Commission issues a consent order on a final basis, it carries the force of law with respect to future actions. Public Records Policy. Hull, at the Law Offices of Ann . Buys in: Michigan GREGORY FROST, District Judge. Zippia gives an in-depth look into the details of National Veterinary Associates, including salaries, political affiliations, employee data, and more, in order to inform job seekers about National Veterinary Associates. Business support offered: Website: https://americanveterinarygroup.com/ Wood explained in her letter that during the review process, a major shareholder, "seeing the multiple difficulties with the practice," asked the board to reach out to NVA to see if it was interested in acquiring PEC. Buys in: states in the Eastern half of the United States ), Freedom for vet practice owners in running a business as they see fit, Practices staff, culture, and name are kept intact. Founded: in 2016 by Wesley Godwin Founded: in 1997 by a private investment group. Number of hospitals: prefers not to disclose The senior management team at National Veterinary Associates will stay with the Agoura Hills, California, company . Business support offered: Website: https://www.thrivepetcare.com/ You can learn more abouthow competition benefits consumersorfile an antitrust complaint. window.mc4wp = window.mc4wp || { } When the Commission issues a consent order on a final basis, it carries the force of law with respect to future actions. Divestitures will help preserve current competition, and the prior notice and approval requirements will allow the FTC to keep a close watch on these markets moving forward.. Founded: in 2017 by Bob Singleton Proprietary Business Intelligence platform. From the first successful acquisition of an animal clinic by VCA back in 1987, other big players followed the example, and the number of veterinary consolidators started to grow exponentially. Ownership status: funded by Freeman Spogli & Co and Tailwind Capital Business support offered: Website: https://rarebreedvet.com/ Buys in: across the US R. Civ. The employee data is based on information from people who have self-reported their past or current employments at National . 0 0 Share Employees with 6 to 10 Years experience and Male employees are more confident in their . If National Veterinary Associates, Inc. is your company and you would like to remove it from the D&B Business Directory, please contact us. We are excited to announce that Veterinary Care Group (VCG) is joining National Veterinary Associates (NVA). We are going to give you the list of veterinary consolidators, which we believe are the most prominent in the market and see how they approach buying vet practices. Transaction Assessment: 46.00. National Veterinary Associates, backed by the Reimann family's JAB Investors, is plunging deeper into specialty vet care with the acquisition of Ethos Veterinary Health, according to. Meanwhile, NVA is countersuing the two veterinarians, alleging they harmed thecompanyby interfering with its effort to acquire PEC. Veterinary consolidators reviews have been collected from open sources, such as their websites and niche news resources. Each violation of such an order may result in a civil penalty of up to, HSR threshold adjustments and reportability for 2023, A Century of Technological Evolution at the Federal Trade Commission, National Consumer Protection Week 2023 Begins Sunday, March 5, FTC at the 65th Annual Heard Museum Guild Indian Fair & Market - NCPW 2023, JAB Consumer Partners/National Veterinary Associates/SAGE Veterinary Partners, In the Matter of, Concurring Statement of Commissioners Noah Joshua Phillips and Christine S. Wilson, Statement of Chair Lina M. Khan, Joined by Commissioner Rebecca Kelly Slaughter and Commissioner Alvaro M. Bedoya Regarding JAB Consumer Fund/SAGE Veterinary Partners, Competition in the Health Care Marketplace. 1. NVA had been in negotiations to buy PEC. Founded: in 2019 by Lukas Keindl, Mo Punjani, and Zay Satchu Buys in: nationwide Business support offered: Website: https://www.southernvetpartnersllc.com/ Ownership agreement: flexible deal structures designed to meet the unique needs of each practice owner "Spokane is like an island, and 25 miles encompasses most of that area," said Roasa, who sometimes teaches at Washington State University's veterinary school in Pullman, 75 miles from Spokane. Number of hospitals: 168 (+12 since January 2022) Your confidentiality is important to us. Ownership status: PE baked by Harvest Partners, LP and Cressey & Company, LP More staff and higher costs increased business pressures and created tension. Wealthy family enterprises (such as Mars in the U.S. or the Desmarais family in Canada) buy vet clinics or smaller vet groups to diversify their sources of income. JAMES DEWOLFE, AN INDIVIDUAL VS NATIONAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATES, INC., A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION, ET AL. Ownership status: Privately/employee-owned (ESOP model) Buys in: Arizona Ownership status: employee-owned and veterinarianled. We could rely on them. Founded: in 2009 Ownership status: backed by Percheron Capital (PE) The FTC will publish the consent agreement package in the Federal Register shortly. Lawmakers in Washington state, where PEC is located, are considering legislation to prohibit noncompetes for employees earning $100,000 or less, limit any agreements to 18 months and require employers to cover wages of workers during the period they are barred from working. The prior notice and approval provisions will ensure the Commission has full visibility into future consolidation and the ability to address it.. Now, when clients called Spokane clinics after hours, their answering machines would offer the phone number ofthe newly established Pet Emergency Clinic, operated by two full-time doctors. Once processed, comments will be posted on Regulations.gov. Contacts Media Contacts. An arbitration will go forward in late June in the case of Don Jones v. National Veterinary Associates, according to Ann A. Number of hospitals: undisclosed Founded: in 2016 by Matthew Sussman, Jake Sloane, and Frank Zhang Commissioners Noah Joshua Phillips and Christine S. Wilson also issued a statement. Founded: in 2014 by Jay Price, DVM; Chase Whitworth; DVM, Jeff Falone; DVM, Elizabeth Robinson, DVM, and Barron Lakeman, JD. on: function(evt, cb) { National Veterinary Associates Inc., a leading animal health chain owned by German consumer goods giant JAB Holding Co., was hit with a federal antitrust lawsuit in Spokane, Wash., on Monday over its alleged scheme to corner the regional market through noncompete and referral agreements tied to its acquisition of a veterinary hospital. PEC, through its attorneys, declined to commentas did NVA officials. Dru Choker and Matthew DeMarco sued in federal court in November 2020, folding their state claims into a federal antitrust lawsuit. Number of hospitals: 720 (+209 since January 2022) Number of hospitals: 27 practices The following narrative is based upon interviews with Spokane-area veterinarians, some of whom are PEC shareholders; and an email received by PEC shareholders and obtained by the VIN News Service. Looking for legal documents or records? Website: https://evervetpartners.com/ The nation's fastest-growing veterinary management company, Southern Veterinary Partners (SVP), has ranked on the 2021 Inc. 5000 for the fourth consecutive year . Ownership status: majority interest acquired by Shore Capital Partners in 2017; minority belongs to the team of veterinarians Ownership status: funded by Warburg Pincus and Talisman Capital { The divested clinics include three SAGE facilities in Austin, Texas, and three clinics operated by a subsidiary of JAB located in San Mateo, Berkeley, and Fairfield, California. Handling back-office finance and accounting such as accounts payable, payroll, tax, financial reports, etc. Phone Email. Ownership status: acquired by Partners Group There was continuity and accountability of patient care as we transferred patients.". Learn more about your rights as a consumer and how to spot and avoid scams. 1996. Robust IT, marketing, accounting, HR, recruiting, and other administrative functions. According to the complaint, which was first announced in February 2020, the acquisition would have harmed competition in three local geographic markets for various specialty and emergency veterinary services by eliminating close, head-to-head competition between Compassion First and NVA. Ownership status: family-owned veterinary services company founded in 2015 Shetold VIN News aboutone whose dog needed surgery for pyometra, a life-threatening infection of the uterus. We enforce federal competition and consumer protection laws that prevent anticompetitive, deceptive, and unfair business practices. Looking ahead to retirement, Dr. Dan Gilchrist wanted a partner that would honor his business culture and staff seniority, and allow his son, James, to take over the practice. Number of hospitals: 7 Learn more about a Bloomberg Law subscription. Ownership status: acquired by OMERS (PE) in 2019 in newly-purchased practices. And, not one single one of us wanted to sign the contract.". NOTE: The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. Number of hospitals: 45 (all general practices) in Colorado, Montana, Minnesota, Washington, Kansas and Oregon Memo from Chair Lina M. Khan to commission staff and commissioners regarding the vision and priorities for the FTC. Founded: in 2018 by George Melillo, VMD and Teresa Fox We develop a team of individual hospitals and pet resorts that share knowledge to achieve sustainable growth. As the two parties negotiated a non-binding letter of intent, word spread that NVA was willing to pay as much as $900 a share for the emergency clinic. for an acquisition of a specialty or emergency veterinary clinic located within 25 miles of a JAB-owned veterinary specialty or emergency clinic, for the states of California and Texas. Comply with the prior notice requirement: The company must also notify the FTC in writing 30 days prior to acquiring any specialty or emergency veterinary clinic within 25 miles of a clinic owned by JAB anywhere in the United States, Further details about the order, including the appointment of a monitor to oversee compliance, can be found in the, The Commission vote to issue the complaint and accept the proposed order for public comment was 5-0. Number of hospitals: 11 (+1 since January 2022; all general practice) in California Extensive support in finance and accounting, HR, IT, and marketing, Practice management software with an extensive set of features (online scheduling, patient portals, voice notes, text messaging, etc.) The Commission vote to approve the final order was 5-0. Practice owners considering the co-ownership model and willing to stay and help grow the practice. ; and Compassion Firsts Veterinary Referral Center of Northern Virginia in Manassas, V.A. Founded: in 2009 by Dan Blumenthal, Roy Jain, and Ferdie Schmitz If youd like to update any information on this page, suggest an edit, or have your group added to the list, please reach out to info@vetintegrations.com. "Clients say [clinics owned by large corporations] nickel-and-dime you for everything. Oops! Search the Legal Library instead. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. Each violation of such an order may result in a civil penalty of up to $46,517. NVA is growing very fast and the service they provide is great in this current environment. Buys in: across the US A telephonic scheduling conference will be scheduled after receipt of . May 6, 2021, update: Drs. And courts generally have accepted the need for corporate buyers to protect their assetsvia noncompete agreements. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Any time you have an aggrieved owner in your practice, you face the potential for a veterinary board investigation and immediate risk to your veterinary license. Buys in: U.S. East Coast Stay in touch! Employees score their Perks And Benefits an average of 49/100. Business support offered: Website: https://innovetivepetcare.com/ In recent years, several states have moved to restrict their reach. Buys in: nationwide Buys in: nationwide National Veterinary Associates Inc., an animal health chain owned by German consumer goods giant JAB Holding Co., must face antitrust claims over its alleged scheme to corner a regional veterinary market by acquiring an animal hospital in Spokane, Wash., a federal judge ruled. National Veterinary Associates | NVA For the love of animals and the people who love them A community united by a single purpose NVA is a leading global veterinary community of more than 1,400 veterinary hospitals and pet resorts united in the love of animals and the people who love them. Further details about the order, including the appointment of a monitor to oversee compliance, can be found in the analysis to aid public comment. At the end of 2017, Dr. Linda Wood, then president of the PEC board, wrote at length to shareholders about issuesat the emergency clinic. They look at the bottom line over the animals health. Hands-off approach to medicine (not interfering in medical decisions and local management).Well-being programs, benefits, and decent compensation, Clinical freedom while maintaining significant vet ownership at their local clinic. Business support offered: Website: https://missionvetpartners.com/ When the Commission issues a consent order on a final basis, it carries the force of law with respect to future actions. Use our visualizations to explore scam and fraud trends in your state based on reports from consumers like you. Website: https://www.inspirevet.com/ Buys in: East of the Mississippi River in the U.S. Practice eligibility criteria: located within local pet and retail stores Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: 100 percent cash sale Business support offered: Website: https://www.medvetforpets.com/ The lawsuit against PEC and NVA also draws attention to professional divisions arising as veterinary emergency and referral clinics, serving a critical role as hubs for after-hours and advanced veterinary care, become businesses worth millions of dollars that attract large corporate suitors eager to expand into new markets. Ownership status:family-ownerd by the Desmarais family "We six PEC doctors felt that signing the PEC contract, including the noncompete clause, was putting a big 'gift bow' on us to be delivered to NVA at the time of purchase," a veterinarian said. MELISSA MOORE et al vs. PANTHER CREEK CONSTRUCTION LLC et al, SOPHIA L YOUNG vs. DK LANCASTER LAND COMPANY LP D/B/A THE LENNWOOD NURSING AND REHABILITATION, RAFAELA LA CRUZ ARAUJO vs. JT WRIGHT LLC , et al. The joint decision-making model is also available. Looking for legal documents or records? DocketDispositions: Judgment for Defendant; (Judicial Officer: Curnutt, Mary Tom) ; Judgment; Awarded To: NATIONAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATES INC; Awarded Against: DAVID BELLAH, DocketOrder Denying Motion for Summary Disposition Entered, DocketComments: SUMMARY DISPOSITION WAS NOT SWORN WITH AN AFFIDAVIT, DocketMotions Hearing: (1:00 PM) (Judicial Officer Curnutt, Mary Tom) : Result: Denied, DocketNon-Jury Trial: (1:00 PM) (Judicial Officer Curnutt, Mary Tom) : Result: Judgment, DocketZoom Hearing Scheduled: EMAILED TO ALL PARTIES, DocketComments: PER JUDGE - NON-JURY TRIAL WILL BE SET BY ZOOM FOR ALL PARTIES 7/28/21, DocketMotion Filed: Motion for Summary Dispositiioon -, DocketDefendant Contacted Court: SENT EMAILED REGARDING NON-JURY TRIAL, DocketCANCELED: Clerk Follow Up/3 Months; (8:00 AM) () ; Other, DocketCANCELED: Clerk Follow up/ Answer Due; (8:00 AM) () ; Other, DocketAnswer Filed: DEFENDANT S ORIGINAL ANSWER TO PLAINTIFF S ORIGINAL PETITION, DocketProcess Service Fee Charge (Indirect Fee Added), DocketCITATION: MAILED TO SACRAMENTO COUNTY CIVIL BUREAU; NATIONAL VETERINARY ASSOCIATES INC: Served: 12/09/2020; Returned: 12/21/2020, FinancialCounter Payment: Receipt # JP2-2020-04196: BELLAH, DAVID: (46.00), FinancialFinancial Information: Plaintiff BELLAH, DAVID; Total Financial Assessment: 46.00; Total Payments and Credits: 46.00; Balance Due: 0.00. At the same time, selling a practice requires planning ahead and devising the right exit strategy. Moreover, shareholders who worked in general practice would be obligated to refer patients needing emergency or specialty care to PEC. National Veterinary Associates Overview Website: www.nva.com Headquarters: Agoura Hills, United States Size: 10000+ Employees Founded: 1996 Type: Company - Private Industry: Pet Care & Veterinary Revenue: Unknown / Non-Applicable Competitors: Banfield Pet Hospital, BluePearl Specialty + Emergency Pet Hospital, VCA Create Comparison Business support offered: Website: https://blueriverpetcare.com/ Number of hospitals: 1,000+ hospitals in the U.S., Canada, Brazil, and Japan (primary care 90 percent, specialty 10 percent). National Veterinary Associates headquarters is in Agoura Hills, CA. The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. "Having a corporation own an emergency clinic that used to be owned by veterinarians changes the conversation," said one veterinarian who voted against the deal. BBB File Opened: Our leadership team Dr. Stan Creighton Founder After serving as a practice owner for 19 years, and a practicing clinician for 24 . ", The shareholder worried that that reliability would diminish under the ownership of a large company. Number of hospitals: over 100 leading specialty and emergency veterinary care hospitals In some markets, the acquisition would result in a merger to monopoly. Veterinarians challenged noncompetes tied to proposed merger, But merger hasnt happened and vets never signed, judge says. Number of hospitals: 22 (+1 since January 2022; primary and preventive pet care locations) in the Greater Phoenix, Arizona area National Veterinary Associates (NVA) which owns nearly 1,200 independently managed veterinary hospitals providing specialty, emergency, and general medical care for pets has recently ANNOUNCED the acquisition of Ethos Veterinary Health (Ethos). Memo from Chair Lina M. Khan to commission staff and commissioners regarding the vision and priorities for the FTC. The acquisition increases the likelihood that Compassion First could unilaterally raise prices or decrease quality for specialty and emergency veterinary services, according to the complaint. Investors: Goldman Sachs Merchant Banking Division, SkyKnight Capital Fund (PE) and Stonehenge Partners (PE) Our mission is protecting consumers and competition by preventing anticompetitive, deceptive, and unfair business practices through law enforcement, advocacy, and education without unduly burdening legitimate business activity. Business support offered: Website: https://heartandpaw.com/ Retention of a clinics brand name, logo, schedule, management, vendors, etc. The FTC will publish the consent agreement package in the, The Commission issues an administrative complaint when it has reason to believe that the law has been or is being violated, and it appears to the Commission that a proceeding is in the public interest. Discounts for your pets, 4 day work weeks and off major holidays. Ownership status: owned and led by a small group of vets and vet professionals; Capricorn Healthcare (PE) When the Commission issues a consent order on a final basis, it carries the force of law with respect to future actions. Fill out this form, and we'll contact you soon. JAB must sell six clinics to divestiture buyer United Veterinary Care, LLC, no later than 10 days after its acquisition of Sage is consummated. Of the six doctors, one resigned and two were terminated for refusing to sign the contract. At Lowe's, we have a longstanding appreciation for the military community, including our customers, suppliers and nearly 20,000 military associates. Our mission is protecting consumers and competition by preventing anticompetitive, deceptive, and unfair business practices through law enforcement, advocacy, and education without unduly burdening legitimate business activity. We promise not to spam you too much. In the event that NVA acquiredPEC, those veterinarians wholeft would have to sell their shares, and under the terms of the proposed agreement, would be prohibited for five years from practicing after-hours emergency medicine outside of PEC. Case draws attention to common provision in practice sales and acquisitions. Founded: in 1986 by Bob Antin, Art Antin, and Neil Tauber Location of This Business. Companies directory >>. Business support offered: Website: https://www.vippetcare.com/ Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: 100 percent sale, with stocks in Pathway for practice owners Skip to Job Postings, Suite Life Pet Resort (2) Knoxville Animal Clinic (2) Blue Sky Pet Services (2) Concord Veterinary Hospitall (1). Ownership status: backed by LetterOne (international investment business) 2:20-CV-00417 | 2020-11-09, Los Angeles County Superior Courts | Contract | Dr. Gretchen Hutts passions include the practice she founded, spending time with her family and traveling the world. Today, this conglomerate is considered the biggest buyer in the veterinary segment nationally and overseas. National Veterinary Associates Engaged Employer Overview 456 Reviews 2.7K Jobs 347 Salaries 57 Interviews 142 Benefits 15 Photos Follow + Add a Review National Veterinary Associates New York City, NY Reviews Updated Jul 25, 2022 Find Reviews Clear All New York-City English Filter Found 9 of over 456 reviews Sort Popular Popular COVID-19 Related Founded: in 1999 by Dr. Chip Cannon, DVM Number of hospitals: undisclosed The complaint alleges that as originally proposed, the acquisition is likely to be anticompetitive in four geographic markets for various types of veterinary care: According to the complaint, these markets are highly concentrated, and the acquisition would substantially increase concentration in all of them. Number of hospitals: 125+ in 17 states The Federal Trade Commission works to promote competition, and protect and educate consumers. Ownership agreement: partnership Selling to a big veterinarian group gives them substantial profit and (sometimes) freedom to keep doing what they love most pet care. Wood noted that in 12 of the 19 months between February 2016 and October 2017, the clinicspent more money than it brought in. One veterinarian who remains fiercely loyal to the hospital worries that things will never be the same there. Business support offered: Website: https://www.vetstrategy.com/ Business support offered: Website: https://unitedveterinarycare.com/ Each invested $2,000, the equivalent of $2 a share, with little expectation the emergency clinic would ever make a lot of money. 6 . Because so many local veterinarians owned shares, "when you attach a noncompete to employees, and then the stockholders are required to do mandatory referrals, you have captured the entire network. Practice eligibility criteria: Ownership agreement: From 51 percent to 100 percent sale (majority to SVP). Defendants' Motion to Dismiss, ECF No.
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