364366. I have had but one answer from the beginning. 790, 795797. The Belgian horse team, plus the faithful dog, _____ a fine addition to the parade. II, p. 446. So, not only does the author work on proving their claim, but they work on disproving the counterclaim or opposition's argument. succeed. 19 Step-by-step answer 17.02.2022, solved by verified expert Bhaskar Singh Bora p PhD Mathematics, Physics. He allowed that Lincolns election has demonstrated the possibility of electingan anti-slavery reputation to the Presidency of the United States.[24] But an anti-slavery reputation was a far cry from a genuine abolitionist, in Douglasss estimation, and Douglass at first expected little of Lincoln, who did not share his radically abolitionist reading of the Constitution. Frederick Douglass went on to write books and give speeches in hope that one day all slaves would be free. Frederick Douglass Project: Claims of Our Common Cause | RBSCP Fair play meant at minimum that the nation must reject the alternatives of (1) re-enslavement, this time of the entire black American population; (2) colonization or expatriation; (3) persisting subordination of blacks as a degraded caste; and (4) outright extermination. Douglass rejected the various white disintegrationists for obvious reasons, and he rejected the black variants too. In what turned out to be Douglasss most prescient argument, slaverys demise would come about in the following sequence of events. Some of his works are obvious and others are a bit harder to see. In particular, slaveholders perpetrated no greater wrong than their withholding of education from those enslaved. : Da Capo Press, 2001), p. 688. keep that person in prison for all of his or her natural life" (Spangenberg and Walsh 15). Here, where universal suffrage is the ruleto rule us out is to make us an exception, to brand us with the stigma of inferiority, and to invite to our heads the missiles of those about us.[38], This was no merely abstract consideration. In the book called The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, he attempts to shine light on the American Slave system in the 1800s. Evidence provides factual proof for the reasons in an argument and can consist of facts, data, statistics, published study results, and quoted experts. Through his knowledge, he learns more about his situation and potential. His forceful resistance proved no less powerfully liberating than his literacy. Kimberly has taught Reading/Language Arts to intermediate and middle school students and holds a Master's Degree. [7] At the heart of all that he learned and taught were these simple propositions: A formidable thinker as well as an activist and a polemicist, Frederick Douglass produced the most powerful argument for the affirmation of those principles in the history of AfricanAmerican political thought. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass is thrown into a new world of knowledge and opportunity, once he learns how to read and write. What Are the Parts of an Argumentative Essay? - Study.com Throughout his postwar career, he remained acutely aware of the depth of the injuries inflicted by slavery and of the persisting power of racial prejudice, and he was carefully attentive to the claims of corrective justice. The claim is the author's argument that they are attempting to prove in the essay. Come what will, I hold it to be morally certain that, sooner or later, by fair means or foul means, in quiet or in tumultslavery is doomed to cease out of this otherwise goodly land, and liberty is destined to become the settled law of this Republic.[20]. [10] See, for example, Douglass, Speech at the Unveiling of the Freedmens Monument in Memory of Abraham Lincoln, April 14, 1876, in The Frederick Douglass Papers: Series One, Vol. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - fater24.com He shouted with joy when he was able to achieve this feat. Another way to organize the body of the essay is to spend two paragraphs discussing reasons and providing evidence for support and using the third body paragraph to address a counterclaim. For each of the following sentences, write the correct word or expression from the pair in parentheses. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? Again in contrast to more radical critics in his day and our own, Douglass insisted that these persisting abuses by the class of former slaveholders constituted clear violations, not legitimate applications and not refutations, of the natural right of property. While this quote is from a credible source (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics), it merely restates the claim and reasoning, rather than providing actual evidence to support it. III, pp. Q&A Expert 3 851 answers 4.8 rating He acknowledges that some can debate him Explanation: Quick expert help Get an expert answer for 15 minutes A character which might pass without censure as a slave cannot so pass as a freeman. 4. Whereas Douglass from the outset called urgently and insistently for the Civil Wars prosecution as an abolition war, Lincoln saw in such a course of action only a self-destructive rashnessa premature radicalizing of the war, most likely to result in the disaffection of vital allies and, ultimately, the catastrophic failure of the Union cause. Frederick Douglass's America: Race, Justice, and the Promise of the To find an adequate measure of compensation for any wrong, Douglass explained, we must first ascertain the nature and extent of the wrong itself. The extent of the wrongs of slavery over hundreds of years simply beggared any possible response. [18] Douglass, The Republican PartyOur Position, in Life and Writings, Vol. I explain Douglasss argument more elaborately in Frederick Douglass, pp. Those who are skeptical of the claim of a post-racial America have a point. How would you expect obdurate people to respond to advertisements? III, p. 420; Douglass, Womens Rights Are Not Inconsistent with Negro Rights, November 19, 1868, in Douglass Papers, Vol. In Stevenss plan, lands belonging to the former Confederate states and their soldiers would be deemed forfeited and then distributed in parcels of 40 acres as homesteads to the freedpeople. athenaeum club southend membership fees. We want [the voting right], Douglass explained in his most extended discussion of the question, because it is our right, first of all. Douglass attempts to show us how African American slaves were still human beings like their white counterparts, there have been numerous instances where it is shown that many whites did not want to accept slaves as true humans. Douglass endures unequalled as the invincible adversary of racial despair and disaffectionthe pre-eminent exemplar and apostle of hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. IV, p. 459. Douglass wanted to show his opposition to slavery and knew he would meet many criticisms. Taking a long view, Douglass judged that there was no greater danger to the elevation of black people and the integration of America than this spirit of alienation. Covey as an event that "revived within me a sense of my own manhood". After providing the thesis in the introduction, the author then spends the entire essay working to prove that claim through sub-claims (the central claim broken down into smaller chunks), reasoning, and evidence. Including using the example of Joseph and his brothers, as well as the Israelites being slaves in Egypt (a) In what ways is Douglass's word choice suited to his audience? Everybody has asked the question, he complained in early 1865, and they learned to ask it early of the abolitionists, What shall we do with the negro after emancipation? The hook should be on-topic and supportive of the author's argument. Viewed in its larger significance, the Union victory meant a victory not only over an extreme, implicitly anarchic variant of the state-sovereignty doctrine, but also over the no less pernicious doctrines of sectionalism and racial supremacy. Northerners, remembering their revolutionary heritage enough, at least, to remain vigilant in defense of their own rights, would increasingly view these actions as aggressions until the point was reached that slaveholders, by their own imperial overreach, had assembled a coalition of enemies too large for them to defeat. Post author: Post published: junho 22, 2022 Post category: when would the undeposited funds feature not be necessary? These paragraphs contain the author's sub-claims/reasoning, counterclaims, and evidence. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - indbras.com.br In paragraph 5, what does douglass acknowledge as a counterclaim to He returned also a more confident and independent thinker, and in late 1847, against Garrisons advice, he launched his own newspaper, originally titled The North Star. Get the Writing Style Posters FREE Resource: Grammar/Mechanics, Literacy Centers, Study Skills, Writing argument essay, argumentative essay, common core writing standards, counterargument sentence frames, Counterarguments, Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames, counterclaim sentence frames, counterclaim transitions, Counterclaims, essay argument, essay strategies, Mark Pennington, Opposing Claims, rebut, Rebuttal, Refutation, refute, Teaching Essay Strategies, writing style, and receive a free welcome gift! It is appealing to think that Kings dream has been realized, at least in its essentials, by the reforms of the Civil Rights Erareforms that King himself characterized as the third, the greatest, and the culminating American Revolution. work!! A reader can see bleak picture of black slavery from the narration of Frederick Douglass who confronts brutal conduct of white masters throughout his childhood. The reasoning is the logic used to prove a claim. The words you choose make a difference in your writing. The United States should ban capital punishment. Slaverys primary victims, mostly knowing nothing of the Declaration itself, would corroborate its truth by their various acts of resistance, displaying their natural love of liberty and their moral humanity as rights-possessors. His final break with Garrison came in 1851, when he announced that he had come to reject the core Garrisonian doctrine that the U.S. Constitution was a pro-slavery instrument. Slavery was an embarrassing time in Americas history. The fact is, Douglass observed as he reviewed the succession of failed attempts to quiet the controversy over slavery, the more the question has been settled, the more it has needed settling. The only solid, and final solution of the problem before us, Douglass insisted, was also the only just solution: the most perfect civil and political equality such that black Americans shall enjoy all the rights, privileges and immunities enjoyed by any other members of the body politic.[37] In its primary meaning, Douglasss fair-play, non-exceptionalism principle entailed simple equality under law, irrespective of race or color, but in the decades following the war, he was most urgently concerned with equal protection for two rights in particular: voting rights and property rights. 'Because I said so,' doesn't work, and 'Just because,' doesn't work - until you're a parent. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you The body of the essay is three paragraphs and contains the author's reasoning, evidence, and counterclaims. Although Frederick Douglass believes that the only way to freedom for him and his fellow slaves, is through learning how to build on. Not transient and fitful effort, but patient, enduring, honest, unremitting, and indefatigable work, into which the whole heart is put. Much of the distinctive greatness of this nation, he continues, is due to its hospitality to just this sort of virtue. Note that the only factual claim on the topic is the claim of fact. [32] Douglass, What the Black Man Wants, January 1, 1865, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Contrary to conventional wisdom, it's much more costly to execute a person than to imprison them for life" (Andre and Velasquez). Facebook Instagram. Education empowers people to make good decisions and paves a future that provides opportunities. This is called the counterclaim. Douglasss new office as editor broadened his education as an abolitionist, and over the next few years, his differences with his erstwhile mentors grew more pronounced. [46] One of the most corrupting, debilitating effects of slavery, in Douglasss analysis, was its fostering of a cultural disdain for laboring as an activity beneath the dignity of truly free, truly human beings. They were great men too. IV, ed. The Declarations affirmation, as self-evident truths, of the principles that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is now commonly read as a declaration only of the rights of propertied white males. II, p. 235; Address on the Twentieth Anniversary of Emancipation, April 16, 1883, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Douglasss arguments on this subject extended back to his early abolitionist years, when he saw very clearly that slaves natural rights to liberty were fundamentally identical with their natural rights to propertywith their natural properties in their own persons, in their own labor, and in the fruits of that laborand that the fundamental evil of slavery was to deprive them, at once, of both. Evidence - something that proves the truth of a claim, or leads to a . Supporters of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 believed that. II, p. 375. She has an M.A. "The demographics of the death row population show a racial bias as well. Douglass' primary claim in his narrative is that a nation predicated upon individual freedom cannot allow slavery to exist. As he gathered his energies to prepare yet another lecture on the imperative of equal justice for all, he suffered a sudden heart attack or stroke and died on February 20, 1895. Douglass discovers that a slave was set free by persuading his master, and as a result, this information makes Douglass an avid learner. No words, no tears, no prayers, from his gory victim, seemed to move his iron heart from its bloody purpose. The position of Douglass and constitutional radicals, by contrast, was that the Constitution was in the strict sense abolitionist. Argumentative essays have a basic structure that allows some room for the author's discretion. Slavery was established by religious law. That Douglass sympathized, for a period in his youth, with anti-America radicalism is hardly surprising. 411, 414. One of the key arguments in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass as well as in other narratives about slaves is inequality. (make). Pick the best evidence to support the opposing point of view. So he labored on in those years, cherishing the memory of Lincoln in part for his own, personal reasons and calling his fellow citizens also to venerate the Great Emancipator that they might be bound ever more firmly to the great cause for which he and so many loyal citizens had died: to bring forth out of the terrible war a renewed nation, reconceived in liberty and rededicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. The signers of the Declaration of Independence, Douglass told his audience that day, were brave men. 2. He includes personal accounts he received while under the control of multiple different masters. This is her first step from being a kind-hearted woman with generous tendencies to harnessing her natural instincts and instead becoming cruel. Mark them![15], In truth, Douglass had long admired the Declaration and the Revolution; but now, having broken with the Garrisonian variant of abolitionism, he had come to admire the whole of the Founding, because he had come to judge the Constitution to be faithful to the saving principles of the Declaration. The rise of this abolitionist agitation would alarm slaveholders, who would respond by attempting to suppress abolitionist speech and to strengthen and perpetuate their political power by expanding slaverys presence in federal territories, thus preparing the admission of additional slave states. To this day, Douglass endures unequalled as the invincible adversary of racial despair and disaffectionthe preeminent exemplar and apostle of hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. Claims of fact make assertions that can be proven or disproven with evidence. A claim is the main argument. Now you turnthe opposing point of view, evidence, and analysis back to support your thesis statement. In developing his own proposal, Douglass did not identify the precise grounds of his disagreement with Stevens. 61, 6465. John W. Blassingame and John R. McKivigan (New Haven: Yale University Press, 19791992), p. 430 (hereinafter Douglass Papers). The Essay Skills Worksheets include 97 worksheets (printables and 97 Google slides) to help teachersdifferentiate writing instructionwith bothremedial and advancedwriting skills. Undaunted by these setbacks, however, he maintained to the end a strenuous schedule of speaking and writing, laboring to remind the succeeding generations that there was a right side and a wrong side in the late war and to propagate his undying faith in the mission and promise of America. Seeking such a consummation, Douglass hurled himself into political activism throughout the 1850s. Most Africans that were either captured, born, or sold in America, lived the life of a typical slave, however Frederick Douglass was the exception. His speeches and writings supply a treasure of arguments against the perpetuation of racial injustice and, no less, against the demoralizing critiques of it according to which, absent a utopian transformation of Americas principles, institutions, and culture, white racism and an oppositional identity for blacks must be taken as permanent features of American society. Your mom's counterclaim is that you don't need one. He says of Sophia Auld, "Slavery proved as injurious to her as it did to me" (page 28). Why, or why not? How does Douglass's opening reference to the Declaration of Independence reinforce his message? eNotes Editorial, 21 Jan. 2020, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-is-frederick-douglass-s-overall-claim-in-the-152137. In our example, you would need to give or cite some concrete evidence like, 'According to research, students with Internet access on their phones are more likely to make the Honor Roll.' [7] I develop this argument at length in Frederick Douglass: Race and the Rebirth of American Liberalism (Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 2008). . [59] Douglass, African Civilization Society, February, 1859, in Life and Writings, Vol. In paragraph 5, (b) How does he refute that counterclaim? All measures devisedto allay and diminish the antislavery agitation, have only served to increase, intensify, and embolden that agitation.[22]. Slavery was brought to America in the 1600s taking millions of Africans from West Africa. The overall claim for an essay is also known as the thesis and can be found in the introduction of the essay. Key Arguments in "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" The prostrate form, the uncovered head, the cringing attitude, the bated breath, the suppliant, outstretched hand of beggary does not become an American freeman, and does not become us as a class, and we will not consent to be any longer represented in that position. First, it makes clear that Douglasss demand for nothing but fair play allowed for vigorous protective and remedial action by the federal government. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? The power of education was also a key argument in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, but it was not an argument with a consistent meaning. It was above all in Americas original and unforgettable dedication to those principles that Douglass found reason to love and identify with his country, despite the injustices that he and his people had suffered. Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames. In fact, he contended, the Constitution was more than merely anti-slavery. What did Frederick Douglass oppose? When you're planning an argument, you need to know what the counterclaim might be so that you can make sure that you disprove it with your reasons and evidence. When you're preparing an argument, make sure to note where you got your evidence. IV, p. 436. The Union victory signified, for Douglass, much more than the defeat of one particular rebellion and more, too, than the defeat of the troublesome particular doctrines that inspired that rebellion.
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